Treatment of serious burns using press therapy garments and the reduction of upper-limb lymphedema are two further medical applications for compression garments. Compression garments are mostly used to treat vascular problems (therapeutic stockings). They act as a combination pressure bandage and confinement device.

Therapeutic stockings (compression garments for vascular problems

People of all ages are at risk for venous diseases, which may be life-threatening. Familial predisposition and gender stand out as factors that impact its emergence, with the prevalence of the condition being six times higher in girls than in men. Obesity, pregnancy and age, the use of oral contraceptives, and prolonged standing are also connected. Varicose veins affect over 2.5 million adults in Spain, according to research done there. That’s 10% of the country’s adult population.

In the beginning, the most frequent symptoms of venous insufficiency in the legs are tingling, weariness, and edoema. Varicose veins, phlebitis, and even varicose ulcers may develop as a consequence of this condition’s development, among other things. As well as venous thrombosis and “postphlebitic syndromes,” which are thought to be the result of the thrombotic disease, this problem also includes varicose veins.

Venous system

Venous blood veins convey blood from the heart to the rest of your body. To prevent blood from dripping down, the lower extremities’ veins contract as someone stands up. The deep venous system is a network of veins with thick walls found in the lower leg, situated between the bones and muscles. Compression of these veins by the muscles results in pressure that assists in the supply of blood to the heart and prevents it from returning to the body. Instead, the skin’s surface is home to the superficial venous system, which is made up of veins with very thin walls. Varicose veins form when the vein valves lose their retention capacity and broaden owing to a lack of compression in these veins due to the skin’s elastic nature.

Varicose veins

Varicose veins are characterised by abnormally lengthy, twisted, and dilated superficial veins, as well as pathological alterations to the vessel walls. Heart failure occurs when the centripetal flow of blood to the heart is impaired due to valve insufficiency caused by these alterations. There are two types of varices that cause the greatest worry in the medical community: oesophageal varices and lower extremity varices.

Treatment

Because varicose veins are a natural phenomenon, they do not completely disappear even after the use of therapeutic techniques. The most effective preventive and therapeutic techniques are those that address risk factors in order to limit the progression of existing varicose veins and delay the onset of new ones. It’s impossible to exaggerate how critical early detection is for people like these. These patients need to have a complete anamnesis or clinical interview, a physical examination, and an instrumental diagnosis. Emphasis should be placed on family history of varicose veins, arteriosclerosis, and diabetes.

There are two basic ways to treat individuals with varicose veins: mechanically boosting centripetal blood flow and surgically eliminating superficial varicose veins that are symptoms of valvular insufficiency. Surgeons, sclerotherapy, and compression garments for lymphedema are all forms of pharmacological treatment.

Compression

Muscles in the lower limbs are compressed with the use of a “rigid aponeurosis of the leg,” which is a kind of stocking. Blood may be squeezed and aspirated in the most proximal path when the aponeurosis and venous valves are functioning together. When the aponeurosis is perforated due to valvular insufficiency, blood cannot adequately ascend to the heart to be oxygenated. As a consequence, the lower extremities develop distal edoema and other problems due to the accumulation of a large volume of blood under the skin.